The Impossibility of the Unarmed Vanguard: Military Force and the Closed Communist State
The historical record demonstrates that achieving and sustaining a fully realized, single-party Communist state—characterized by the abolition of private property and a totalitarian, closed-society model—has been universally predicated on the prior seizure of power through military or revolutionary force. While Communist parties have won democratic elections, these instances have never resulted in the closed Leninist/Stalinist system described.
Part I: Gaining Power—The Revolutionary Prerequisite
The core Marxist-Leninist doctrine argues that the existing "bourgeois state" (its bureaucracy, army, and courts) is an instrument of capitalist oppression and cannot be reformed; it must be "smashed" and replaced by the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.
1. The Historical Pattern of Military Seizure
Every major, enduring historical Communist state gained power through armed conflict:
The Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Seized power in the 1917 October Revolution through an armed coup and cemented its control through a brutal Civil War (1917–1922).
The People's Republic of China (CCP): Established after decades of Civil War (1927–1949) against the Kuomintang.
Cuba: Fidel Castro's regime was installed via a guerrilla revolution culminating in 1959.
Eastern Bloc States: Communist regimes in countries like Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia were established post-WWII under the direct military and political domination of the Soviet Red Army.
2. The Limits of Electoral Success
Communist parties have won democratic elections, but these victories demonstrate the inability to establish a closed system without force:
Chile (Salvador Allende, 1970): Allende's Marxist Popular Unity coalition won the presidency democratically but governed within a multi-party, constitutionally limited framework. His government was ultimately overthrown by a violent military coup in 1973, confirming the doctrine that the state apparatus would fight back against fundamental socialist transformation.
Modern Parties (Moldova, Nepal, India's Kerala): Communist or Marxist parties have regularly won elections in these locations but function as one party within a broader democratic and market-based system. They implement social programs but cannot, and do not, abolish core democratic freedoms, private property, or free markets, thus failing to achieve the required "dictatorship of the proletariat" for a closed system.
Part II: Maintaining Rule—The Totalitarian Closed System
Once a Communist Party has achieved power through force, maintaining the Dictatorship of the Proletariat requires the closed, totalitarian society you describe. This system is not merely a preference but a necessary tool to prevent the re-emergence of capitalist influences and suppress counter-revolutionary thought.
1. The Iron Curtains: Control Over People and Capital
The essence of the closed system is eliminating external threats and internal dissent:
People Control (The Exodus Ban): Preventing people from moving out freely (people cannot move out of the country) stops a "brain drain" and, more importantly, eliminates comparison. A citizen cannot critique the quality of life or freedom under Communism if they have no personal experience of the outside world, making propaganda more effective.
Capital Control (The Financial Wall): Restricting the free flow of money (money cannot flow out) is essential for maintaining the Command Economy. It prevents capital flight, allows the state to direct all resources (both internal and external, like foreign aid) according to its central plan, and isolates the domestic currency from global market fluctuations, which the Marxist-Leninist ideology rejects.
2. The Information Blockade
The most critical component is the state's monopoly on information:
Censorship Inbound: Preventing outside information from entering (information cannot enter the country) is vital because free information is the most potent threat to a state built on a single, all-encompassing ideology. Facts about higher living standards or political freedoms abroad directly undermine the Party’s legitimacy.
Propaganda Outbound: The flow of propaganda to other countries (propaganda flows out to other countries) is a foreign policy tool intended to legitimize the regime globally, attract ideological allies, and mask the realities of internal repression and economic failures.
In summary, the historical evidence is clear: the most radical form of Communist rule (the closed, one-party totalitarian state) is a two-step process: force to seize power, and a closed system to secure it. Without the initial military victory, the Party remains a competitive political actor; without the subsequent closed system, the Party cannot maintain the ideological and economic control required to sustain its totalitarian nature.
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