The Evolution of Ignorance: A History of Progress

 

The Evolution of Ignorance: A History of Progress

It seems the "end of civilization" is a scheduled event that happens every fifty years. My dear friends, we have been "getting dumber" since the dawn of time, or at least since the first Cambridge student realized they could outsource their brain to a private tutor two centuries ago.

The irony of human nature is our relentless drive to invent tools that make life easier, only to immediately complain that those tools are rotting our souls. We mourned the loss of oral debate when the pen took over; we mourned the loss of mental arithmetic when the calculator arrived; and now, we mourn the loss of the library card catalog because Wikipedia is too convenient.

But let’s be honest: the "good old days" were often just a more inefficient version of the present. Did the 19th-century Cambridge student lack "critical thinking," or did they simply master the system they were given? The "corruption" of education isn't a failure of technology; it’s the inevitable triumph of the Principle of Least Effort. Humans are wired to find the shortest path to a reward—in this case, a degree or an answer.

We fear that AI—the latest "disruptor" in this long line of intellectual boogeymen—will be the final nail in the coffin of human intelligence. But history suggests otherwise. When we stop memorizing the Dewey Decimal System, we free up space to synthesize information. When we stop doing long division by hand, we build rockets. The tools don't make us stupid; they just change what "being smart" looks like.

The real danger isn't the calculator or the internet; it's the cynical realization that if the goal of education is merely the credential, then the "shortcut" is actually the most rational choice.

Universe 25: The Math of Human Obsolescence

 

Universe 25: The Math of Human Obsolescence

History is often written by the victors, but biology is written by the limits of the cage. John Calhoun’s "Universe 25" wasn't just a quirky experiment with rodents; it was a mirror held up to the future of a species that mistakes expansion for progress. In that rat utopia, the end didn't come from a lack of cheese, but from a surplus of neighbors. When the social friction became unbearable, the "Beautiful Ones"—those narcissistic, non-breeding mice—emerged to groom themselves into extinction. It’s a chillingly familiar sight in our modern high-rises, where "connection" is digital and the desire to raise a family has been replaced by the quiet maintenance of one’s own online aesthetic.

The recent study in Environmental Research Letters suggests our planet’s sustainable capacity is 2.5 billion. We are currently sitting at 8.3 billion, effectively living on a credit card whose limit was reached decades ago. Since the 1960s, the "human dividend" has flipped. We are no longer adding brains to solve problems; we are adding mouths to deplete systems. We’ve reached the point in the graph where every new addition isn't a boost to the GDP, but a tax on the remaining groundwater and the thinning atmosphere.

The irony of our current "limit" is that we’ve invited a new guest to the overcrowded dinner table: Artificial Intelligence. Just as the physical space becomes tighter, the "meaningful space" for human labor and purpose is being cannibalized by silicon. We are facing a double-bottleneck—an ecological crash paired with a crisis of significance. Like Calhoun’s mice, when humans feel they no longer have a vital role to play in the machinery of society, the structure collapses from within. We aren't just running out of water; we are running out of reasons to keep the lights on.

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從自由工具到國家枷鎖：AI 與全民普發時代下的海耶克思維

 

從自由工具到國家枷鎖：AI 與全民普發時代下的海耶克思維

海耶克的核心觀點是：金錢分散了權力。當你從不同來源賺取金錢時，沒有任何單一實體能控制你的生存。然而，如果 AI 自動化了 90% 的工作，且政府發放「全民點數」，動態就會發生轉變。海耶克會警告：如果國家成為金錢的唯一來源，金錢就不再是窮人的工具，而變成了控制的手段。

詳細解釋：依賴性的陷阱

• 單一支付者： 如果政府提供你所有的生活費，他們就能設定條件。這是數位時代的「到奴役之路」。如果你的點數與「社會信用評分」或特定行為掛鉤，金錢就不再是「盲目」或「公正」的。

• 市場信號的喪失： 海耶克認為價格是一種溝通系統。如果每個人不論創造多少價值都領取固定額度，市場的「群眾智慧」可能會崩潰，導致資源配置效率低下。

現代人的日常實踐

1. 開發「不可自動化」的技能： 專注於 AI 難以複製的人文關懷、高階策略或實體工藝，以維持獨立的收入流。

2. 資產多元化： 不要僅依賴政府發放的信用點數。投資去中心化資產（如實體黃金或比特幣），這些資產是國家無法透過一個按鈕就「關閉」的。

3. 倡導「無條件」普發： 如果 UBI 勢在必行，應爭取其為「無條件」而非「可編程」的，以保留海耶克所重視的中立性。

From Tools of Freedom to Leashes of State: Hayek in the Age of AI and UBI

 

From Tools of Freedom to Leashes of State: Hayek in the Age of AI and UBI

Friedrich Hayek’s core argument was that money decentralizes power. When you earn money from various sources, no single person controls your survival. However, if AI automates 90% of jobs and the government provides "Universal Credit," the dynamic shifts. Hayek would warn that if the state is the only source of money, money ceases to be a tool for the poor and becomes a mechanism for control.

Detailed Explanation: The Dependency Trap

• The Single Paymaster: If the government provides your entire livelihood, they can set conditions. This is the "Road to Serfdom" in a digital age. If your credit is tied to a "social credit score" or specific behaviors, the money is no longer "blind" or "impartial."

• The Loss of Market Signals: Hayek believed prices are a communication system. If everyone receives a flat credit regardless of value creation, the "wisdom of the crowd" in the market might collapse, leading to inefficient resource allocation.

Modern Practice: Maintaining Sovereignty

1. Develop "Un-automatable" Skills: Focus on human-centric empathy, high-level strategy, or physical craftsmanship that AI cannot easily replicate to maintain an independent income stream.

2. Diversify Assets: Don't rely solely on government credits. Invest in decentralized assets (like physical gold or Bitcoin) that the state cannot "turn off" with a button.

3. Advocate for Unconditional UBI: If UBI is implemented, fight for it to be "unconditional" rather than "programmable" to preserve the neutrality Hayek valued.

Ni Kuang’s Science Fiction Prophecies: From the Wisely Series to Today’s Real‑World Science

Ni Kuang’s Science Fiction Prophecies: From the Wisely Series to Today’s Real‑World Science

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Fifty years ago, Mr. Ni Kuang created the first Wisely novel, The Diamond Flower, launching a series that used science fiction as a shell to constantly question the boundaries of humanity and science. His Wisely stories are not only entertainment; they also resonate surprisingly with the trajectory of real‑world scientific progress today.bailushuyuan+2

The Atomic Dimension (1966) and the End of the World: Nuclear War and Climate Crisis

The Atomic Dimension explores the fate of a world threatened by atomic energy and destructive technology. In today’s reality, nuclear proliferation, great‑power rivalry, and climate change have created a “slow‑motion apocalypse,” echoing Ni Kuang’s warning about technological失控 (loss of control). Scientific discussions of the “Anthropocene” are, in effect, a rational projection of “the end of the world”: not a single atomic blast, but the cumulative risk of countless small decisions.wikipedia+1

Pen Friend (1969) and Artificial Intelligence: From Chatbots to Large Language Models

Pen Friend tells the story of a person who forms an emotional bond with a computer, decades before today’s chatbots, virtual assistants, and large language models. Today’s AI systems such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude can simulate human conversation, provide companionship, and even offer psychological support, much like the “electronic lover” in Pen Friend. The difference is that AI is no longer science fiction; it is embedded in education, healthcare, and customer service, while also sparking new debates over privacy, ethics, and emotional dependence.bailushuyuan+1

Creation (1971) and DNA Modification: The Age of Gene Editing

Creation centers on genetic engineering and the “creation of life,” foreshadowing later developments in biotechnology. Today’s CRISPR gene‑editing technology can precisely modify the DNA of humans, animals, and plants, treating genetic diseases and improving crops, while also raising ethical debates about “designer babies.” The question Ni Kuang posed in the novel—whether humans have the right to play God—has become a real issue for scientists and society alike.wikipedia+1

The Building (1972) and Parallel Spaces: Quantum Physics and the Multiverse

The Building uses a mysterious skyscraper as a stage for the intersection of different dimensions, touching on parallel worlds and the multiverse. Contemporary quantum physics, including the “many‑worlds interpretation” and string theory, explores similar possibilities: the universe may not be unique, but one of countless branching realities. Although these theories are not yet fully proven, Wisely’s imagination of “another self” and “another world” aligns with cutting‑edge scientific speculation.bailushuyuan+1

Hair (1978) and the Origins of Religion: Myth, Faith, and Neuroscience

Hair investigates the origins of religion and miracles through a mysterious strand of hair, suggesting that faith might stem from supernatural or advanced‑technology forces. Today, neuroscience and psychology seek to explain the physiological basis of religious experience, such as brain activity linked to meditation, prayer, and trance states. At the same time, archaeology and anthropology are reinterpreting the origins of religion as early humans’ way of explaining natural phenomena and social order. Ni Kuang’s question—whether religion is merely a trick of a higher civilization—has become a philosophical issue worth pondering in the context of modern science.wikipedia+1

Reserve (1981) and Organ Replication: Regenerative Medicine and 3D‑Printed Organs

Reserve imagines organ replication and “backup bodies,” anticipating later advances in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Today, scientists can grow mini‑organs (organoids) from stem cells and experiment with 3D‑printed hearts, skin, and bones, offering new hope for transplants and regenerative therapies. Yet this also raises ethical concerns: if organs can be mass‑produced, will life become commodified? Ni Kuang’s exploration of “backup bodies” has become a focal point in medical ethics and legal debates.bailushuyuan+1

Other Wisely Themes and Today’s Science

Beyond these titles, other Wisely novels such as Blue Blood Man (extraterrestrial life), The Transparent Light(invisibility), The Golden Ball from Space (cosmic civilizations), and Virus (pandemics and biological weapons) also resonate with today’s space exploration, optical invisibility, searches for alien life, and the COVID‑19 pandemic. Ni Kuang’s science fiction is not pure fantasy; it extrapolates future technologies and social changes from the limited scientific knowledge of his time.wikipedia+1

Conclusion: A Dialogue Between Science Fiction and Science

The Wisely series is called a “prophecy book for science” not because Ni Kuang predicted every technical detail, but because he keenly captured humanity’s fear and curiosity about the unknown and turned it into narrative. When scientists today implement these “science‑fiction” ideas in laboratories, we realize that Ni Kuang’s true contribution is to hold up a mirror, inviting us to rethink humanity, ethics, and the future of civilization in an age of runaway technology.wikipedia+1

The Intellectual Proletariat: From Late Ming Tutors to the AI Era

 

The Intellectual Proletariat: From Late Ming Tutors to the AI Era

In the Late Ming Dynasty, a growing class of scholar-officials found themselves in a state of professional precariousness. Often failing to secure government positions, they turned to "private tutoring" (shushi) as a means of survival. This existence was defined by "finding a post" (miguan), a process reliant on fragile social credit and short-term contracts that rarely exceeded a single year. For these men, teaching was not a realization of their lofty Confucian ideals but a desperate strategy for "supporting one's studies through teaching" (jiduzisheng).

Today’s PhD graduates face a strikingly similar landscape. Much like the late Ming tutors, modern doctoral holders often find themselves in an "academic gig economy," moving between short-term post-doctoral fellowships and adjunct positions with little hope of tenure. The social credit once required to find a post has been replaced by hyper-competitive grant applications and publication metrics, yet the fundamental instability remains.

However, a new set of pressures complicates the modern intellectual's plight. While Ming tutors struggled with an oversupply of scholars, today’s educators face a shrinking demand due to plummeting birthrates in Western nations. With fewer students entering the pipeline, the traditional institutional roles for high-level intellectuals are evaporating. Simultaneously, the rise of Artificial Intelligence and advanced self-learning platforms is challenging the very necessity of a human mentor. Just as the late Ming tutor was forced to "flatter the student and the parent" to secure a post, modern academics find themselves competing not just with each other, but with algorithms that offer personalized, immediate, and infinitely scalable knowledge. The "Way of the Teacher" (shidao), already perceived to be in decline during the Ming, now faces a structural obsolescence in a world where the seeker of knowledge can bypass the master entirely

Modern AI Prompts: The New Age Witchcraft of Our Digital Era

Modern AI Prompts: The New Age Witchcraft of Our Digital Era

In the early 16th century, rural England grappled with ailments, lost possessions, and personal disputes by turning to local witches for remedies—rituals that appeared supernatural and inscrutable to most. As recorded around 1541, these "cunning folk" wielded what seemed like magical powers, inspiring both awe and fear and eventually prompting the enactment of the UK Witchcraft Act to regulate such practices2. Fast forward nearly 500 years, and the enigmatic allure once reserved for witches has found a new vessel in artificial intelligence (AI). The modern practice of crafting prompts to unlock AI's vast capabilities parallels the historic use of spells and incantations, transforming everyday users into digital sorcerers.

Quoting the spirit of Tudor concerns, the early legislators feared the "unascertainable power" of those who seemed to manipulate forces beyond common understanding. Today, asking an AI system for health advice, dispute resolution, or creative tasks produces results that can feel equally otherworldly, despite resting on scientific principles unseen to most2. AI’s magic lies in its complex algorithms trained on vast data, enabling it to generate text, images, and decisions with remarkable fluency and originality. This phenomenon recalls how witches were believed to marshal unseen energies through rituals, while practitioners today "cast" carefully worded prompts, effectively their modern incantations, to channel AI’s power6.

A poignant example is reflected in a contemporary story where a father, doubting his writing ability, witnessed his son’s invocation of ChatGPT, resulting in a flawless letter crafted in moments – an event the father could only describe as "witchcraft"4. This anecdote underscores how AI’s seemingly mystical fluency evokes the wonder once associated with sorcery.

Historically, witches’ magic was entwined with ritualistic language and symbolic gestures to harness invisible forces. Similarly, AI prompts operate as precise linguistic formulas that guide models to perform astonishing tasks — from creating intricate magic tricks using AI-powered illusions1 to generating personalized rituals blending mental well-being with mysticism3. Just as spells required exact wording and timing, AI prompts demand nuance and creativity to unlock the best results.

Experts have noted that AI is not merely a computational marvel but could emulate aspects of witchcraft by analyzing ancient rituals and optimizing their elements through pattern recognition and symbolic interpretation6. This merging of old mysticism and new technology suggests that AI, like witchcraft, traverses the boundary between the tangible and the intangible, inviting both fascination and caution.

As society stands at this crossroads, the lessons from regulating witchcraft—balancing potential benefits against risks of misuse—offer valuable guidance for modern AI governance2. The "spell" of AI prompts captivates and empowers, yet requires ethical stewardship akin to the measures once taken against unchecked sorcery.

The analogy between modern AI prompting and historic witchcraft spells illuminates how humans continue to seek mastery over complex, unseen forces. While the tools have changed—from herbs and chants to code and data—the human quest for knowledge, control, and wonder endures.